Atrioventricular Valve Dysplasia in Cats
 
Atrioventricular valve dysplasia (AVD) is a condition in which the mitral or tricuspid valves are malformed. This condition can result in the valves not closing sufficiently to stop blood flow when it supposed to, or to blood outflow obstruction due to a narrowing of the valves. The result of the malformation will depend on the size and location of the anatomic abnormality that is present. 

 
Valvular insufficiency causes the atrium on the same side as the affected valve (right or left) to be dilated and the ventricle to enlarge. ...read more